The place where stands Milan Duomo was used for worships since prehistoric times. Initially here was the Celtic temple, then Roman temple dedicated to Minerva, then church Santa Tecla destroyed in 6 century and at last the church of Santa Maria Maggiore which has been demolished to clean the place for the Duomo.
The remnants of these buildings could be seen if you descent to basement of Duomo.
First stone of the Duomo has been laid in May 1386 by archbishop Antonio di Saluzzo. Initially was planned to build Duomo not from marble but from the red bricks. But later Duke of Milan Galeazzo Visconti decided to build Duomo from the marble.
To facilitate marble delivery to the city Visconti revoked taxes on it. All marble importable to the Milan has been marked by “A.U.F” (ad usum fabricae) sign what meant that it’s for the Duomo and so it should be imported for free. Since then in Milan appeared proverb “a ufo” what does mean “free”.
Later another one proverb in Milan appeared – “la fabrica del Duomo”. So say in Milan when they want to say that something is lasting too long…
First architect of Duomo was Simone de Orsenigo from Campione. Next 100 years the post of chief architect of Duomo has been hold by many people including the famous Antonioni Averlino.
In 1470 construction of Duomo was headed by Dzhuniforte Solari who invited to the construction in the role of consultants Bramante and Leonardo. They advised Solari add Renaissance elements in additional to the Gothic style of Duomo.
In 1417 main altar of the Duomo has been consecrated by the Pope Martin Fifth. At that moment construction of Duomo was far away from its finishing.
Duomo was solemnly opened in 1572 by Karl Borromeo who also took active part in its construction and even choose next architect. It was Pellegrino Pellegrini who worked under the Cathedral Choirs.
Talented Pellegrini also designed the façade of Duoumo which was finished only in 1813.
In 1769 was erected steeple which height is 108,5 meters. Steeple Duomo adorned by the golden statue of Virgin designed by Perego. After that in Milan was published special edict which prohibited build constructions higher than Steeple of Duomo.
Façade of Duomo has been finished only in 19 century thanks to the Napoleon who wanted get title of Emperor here. Next century was spent to decorate by reliefs and statues. And in 19 century Duomo was first time renovated. Officially construction of Duomo has been finished only in 1906.
Duomo has been severely damaged during the World War Second and after the war was ended refurbished again.
Today Duomo it’s not only symbol of Milan, it’s one of the symbols of Italy. Entrance to the temple is free but if you are going to visit its baptistery or treasury you will be charged for a small amount of money. Also be prepared to buy a ticket if you wish to make pictures inside or elevate to its roof.
