Like many others cities in Western Germany Speyer originates from the Roman military camp. Romans conquered this area in the first century and to fortify their position they built camp which later grew to the size of real city.
In the 7th century Speyer become the diocese. Later the city got the special right of be “a free city” with direct obedience to the Emperor of Holy Roman Empire. This caused a boost in the city’s development and growth of common wealth.
The main event in the Speyer’s history took place in 1529 when during the session of the imperial parliament some part of deputies started vivid discussion with representatives of Catholic Church. These people later were called Protestants.
Also it’s worth mentioning that during the time “free city” imperial parliament was often gathered in Speyer and here were accepted a lot of important decisions of German history.
Main landmark of the city – is a Romanesque church of St Maria and St Stephan which is included into list of the world heritage supported by UNESCO. During the some period of history it was largest Romanesque church in Europe. If Speyer not has any other monument, it still will be attractive destination for those who love historic buildings.
The city Cathedral has been built in the middle of 11th century. It’s a nice basilica which reminded me a little bit the Cathedral of Trier. This church holds the tombs of Salian Emperors who were buried here during a few centuries.
Some of tombs were adorned by Italian masters who lived in the city in 11 century. Another treasure of Cathedral – is a vast stone bowl – dates from the late of 15th century.
In medieval period in the Speyer lived the prospered Jewish commune which was paying their contribution into the city’s wealth. Today you can see the ruins of medieval synagogue and part of ritual baths which originates from 11th century.
At the west from the Cathedral you can find old city’s walls and gates which have been built in the 16th century. Another structure of Baroque – is a church of the Holy Trinity can attract visitors by its lavish interior. This church was built at the beginning of 18th century.
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